The Impact Of Funding Of Funding For All Local Fire / Ems...

Based upon the research results obtained regarding policy issues of how funding of grants is obtained and the policy processes that are in place. There are areas of these said policies that are being reformed after going through a process called, lessons learned. These lessons are learned from prior disasters/incidents through a hazard mitigation process that is always going on before, during, and after an incident. In past incidents some policies are not existent and need to be produced through the use of policy tools from the support of the private sector and government agencies collaborates with one another to build a new policy such as FEMA grants for use by state and local governments. The grant funding process is important to the†¦show more content†¦For example, it is up to each State to request federal grant funding through FEMA. If the grant request is approved by FEMA then a state will get funding in the amount requested or a lower amount of funding will be disper sed by FEMA to the grant recipient. One of the main policy alternative involves the Congress and the funding amount to DHS then to FEMA. The current funding programs under the SAFER grant are not a permeant and long term, by making up a new funding policy for Congressional to pass in the near future will allow citizens to be safer. (FEMA, 2015, p.1). The most recent media coverage regarding the funding problems of the Department of homeland security that directly affects FEMA’s grant funding programs. Congress was threating to delay or possibly cut some funding to DHS due to the two political parties of Congress, the republicans and the democrats fighting each other for control of power. For example, there are supposed to be Values set by Congress. By having a lack of mortality, their values are non-existent. As based upon the readings from the Policy Paradox. (Stone, 2002, p.24). The lack of having one hundred percent security and equity regarding every citizen’s safety in the United States and to prevent them from being injured or even death. The DHS department heads find this to be the main causation of the current funding problem. (Nather and Kim, 2015, p.1) For stakeholders,

Event Management Plan Free Essays

string(59) " so that we can have the permits and access to the fields\." Event Management Plan for Spring Bash 2013 Event Description Day/Date/Time of Event – Duration. This event will be held during the week of Monday March 25th thru Thursday March 28th. The game times will be 10 am, 1pm, 4pm, and 7:30 pm. We will write a custom essay sample on Event Management Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now Location / Facility / Venue of the Event. The baseball site is the beautiful, professionally maintained Santaluces Sports Complex. The Santaluces Sports Complex was built by the Montreal Expos for their spring training and is located in Lantana, FL. Description of the Event. With a comfortable average annual temperature of 78 ° F (25  °C), Palm Beach County is able to host any type of sporting event any time of the year. South Florida’s tropical climate is unique to any other region in the country and is one of the primary reason so many teams want to come and get out of the cold. The tournament will consist of 12 teams all competing for the tournament title at the end of the four days. Purpose of the Event / Overview. This will be an invitation only event to bring in some of the top high schools in Florida and showcase their skills for area scouts both professional and college. W5H. Who. Any High School baseball program from any state will be apart of the invitation only event. What. This is a Spring Break invitational tournament that is put on to expose some of the best armature athletes to professional and college scouts. When. March 25th thru March 28th Where. Santaluces Sports Complex Lantana, FL How. Through registration fees, concessions, and gate revenue. Aims / Objectives (S. M. A. R. T. ). Our goals and objectives are to become the premier spring break tournament in Florida. Event Management Management Responsibility. In-house / outsourced) – The management responsibility will be taken care of in-house to cut down on cost and overhead. Major stakeholders / agencies. The major stakeholders will be the high school programs that attend this event. Also, the agencies that will be involved with this event are the Palm Beach County Sports Commission and the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Physical requirements. The physical requ irements for this event will be long hours in the hot South Florida sun as well as the ability to lift up to 50 lbs. Venue. The Santaluces Sports Complex provides four well maintained and groomed fields and also have lighting on all four fields to host night games is needed. Target audience. This tournament’s target audience is anyone of the many top high school baseball programs we have in the US. Approximate Number of Participants and Spectators. There will be twelve teams which will account for approximately 240 participants and over the course of the four days approximately 1500 spectators will be in attendance. Event History. This will be the first annual tournament held at this location. Based on research done on other spring break tournaments it is very popular with the high schools both locally and in the north where there is still snow on the ground. There are not many premier spring break tournaments out there so we feel this will help fill the void. Technology. All game information and results will be notated and recorded on iPads using the application called Game Changer scorekeeping. Also, for communication with event staff they will have cellphones as well as radios. Sponsoring Organization. For this event due to the size there will not be any sponsoring organization. Feasibility Is the event a good idea? This event is a great idea due to the amount of teams looking to play in a tournament during spring break and also for the exposure the teams will have to area scouts. Do we have the skills required to plan and run the event? The event staff is well trained and knowledgeable on what is needed to make this type of event successful. Is the host community supportive? The host community is supportive due to the sales at local hotels and restaurants. Do we have the infrastructure in the community? The location of the event provides quick access to the interstate, hospital, and airport. Can we get a venue at a price we can afford? The event cost will be $2000 for the permits running the four days of the tournament. Will the event attract an audience? The main audience will be that parents and family members of the participants as well as professional and college scouts. Will it attract media support? Due to the size of the event media support will not be attracted. Is it financially viable? The operating expenses of the tournament will be covered in the registration fees, which makes it financially viable. Are the success criteria reasonable? The success criteria is reasonable but will be unknown until after the event takes places and feedback is generated. What are the risks? The risks associated with this event are weather, injury, and the expenses exceed the revenues. SWOT Analysis Strengths. The location and quality of the fields are the biggest strengths of this tournament. Weaknesses. When having a tournament in the spring there is always a chance of rain, also this is a first year event and does not have a proven track record. Opportunities. With a successful event we may be able to expand the number of teams in the futures and solidify our place as one of the premier spring break tournaments. Threats. The threats associated with this tournament are that there are many other tournaments going on at the same or similar times. It may be hard to get the commitment of elite high school programs due to them being committed to other events at the time. Approvals ; Consultation State ; federal government. The approval and compliance for this event will be through the FHSAA and all other factors will be held at the county level. County, city, or town. There will have to be approval from the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department so that we can have the permits and access to the fields. You read "Event Management Plan" in category "Essay examples" Roads ; traffic authority. This will be taken care of in-house by using staff members to direct traffic. Liquor licensing. There will be no need for liquor licensing due to no alcoholic beverages will be sold at this event. Police. Police will not be needed unless a crime is committed. Insurance. Prior to the event there will be a waiver signed excluding responsibility in the case of the event. In case of injury, this is a school-approved activity and responsibility falls on them. Marketing / Advertising / PR / Ticketing Customer segmentation. Our customer segmentation is based on the top high school programs across the state as well as nationally. Pricing. Registration for the event is $500 Ticket program. Game day passes for spectators will be $10 per day or $35 for the duration of the event. Kids ages infant-17 years old will gain admittance free of charge. Advertising. Advertising for the event will be done through social media utilizing Facebook and Twitter. Message. The message of this event is to provide a overall great experience and to provide the participants the ability to be seen in front of professional and college scouts. Media outlets used. The media outlets that will be used for this event include Flyers / Posters / Brochures, Word of Mouth, Internet and Social Media. Advertising Budget. Due to our online advertising there is no advertising budget put in place. Promotions. Due to the size and nature of the event there will no promotions taking place. Giveaways. All participants will be given t-shirts and all coaches will receive polo shirts. Community / Public Relations. Press releases. No press releases will be delivered, but emails will be sent out to professional scouts and college scouts about our tournament and the teams that will be in attendance. Media briefing(s). Media guides will be made up consisting of the teams involved and their rosters as well as schedules and a sponsor’s page. Evaluation of Marketing Plan. The evaluation of the marketing plan will be done at the conclusion of the event to see in what areas we can better ourselves. Financial Control Is the purpose to make a profit? The main purpose of this event is to create a great atmosphere of high-level competition and have a successful event. Also, to make a profit is another purpose of the event. Without a profit we will not be able to continue putting on future events. How much will the event cost? The overall cost of the event will be $4800, which will be covered in the registration fees. What are the revenue sources? The revenue sources for this event are the registration fees, concessions, gate sales and sponsorship. How many tickets need to be sold to break even? The registration fees alone will allow us to cover our operating expenses. All other sources of revenue will be for payroll and the rest is profit. What is the cash flow situation? The cash flow situation will come from the day-to-day operating expenses such as restocking concessions, gate sales, baseballs, etc.. What are the control systems? There will be a staff member in charge of collecting monies throughout the day and placing them in a safe box with a key lock. Only that staff member and director will have access to the money. How will legal and taxation obligations be met? These will be met in the concessions were all sales rung out in the cash register will be taxed. Capital / funding requirements. In the case of expenses running over the profits the initial investment of cash on hand of $10,000 will cover those costs. Fees. The fees of $20/hr for the ball field permits required by Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department will be paid out of the initial investment to secure the location and dates desired. Costs. The overall cost of the event will be $4800, which will be covered in the registration fees. Merchandise / licensing. At this time due to this being the first year of the event we will not be having and merchandise for sale. Control systems. There will be a staff member in charge of collecting monies throughout the day and placing them in a safe box with a key lock. Only that staff member and director will have access to the money. Taxation. These will be met in the concessions were all sales rung out in the cash register will be taxed. Profit ; loss statement. This will be completed at the end of the event. Cash-flow analysis. This will be completed at the end of the event. Budget Budget Detail. (See table 3 pg. 18) Event Contracts. This event does not have any contracts due to the nature and size. Sponsorship Sponsor signage / Sponsor booths. This event does not have any sponsor booths but will have signage of local sponsors in the outfield and in the media guide. Package sales. Packages will range from $100-$400 in which sponsors can choose. (See Table ) Activation. The sponsorship activation is done by the sponsor including coupons for participants and spectators that attend their business. Evaluation. The evaluation will be done at the end of the event by contacting the sponsors and collecting data on who brought in the coupons. Risk Management Identification. (of risks ; hazards) Some risks that may arise are balls leaving the playing field, wet playing surfaces and heat stroke. Assessment. (of risks ; hazards) Balls leaving the field can cause injury to spectators, wet playing surfaces can cause injury to players as well as coaches and heat stroke can happen to players and coaches due to the hot weather. Management. (of risks ; hazards) All situations will be forwarded to the tournament director. Incident reporting. All situations will be forwarded to the tournament director and local authorities if need be. Contingency plan. In case of bad weather all games will be postponed until further notice. The location we have selected has lights and games can be played at night if needed. Letter to Dignitary Form. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Grammar. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Event Staging Decor. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Layout. See table Entertainment. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Special effects / Lighting / Sound. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Electricity. Electricity is provided by the complex and is apart of the permit to use the facility. Water. Water cooler will be placed in every dugout to ensure hydration is maintained. Transportation. The location of this event allows for quick access to the interstate and airports as well as medical transportation. Traffic management. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Street closures. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Impact on local traffic. The event will have no impact on local traffic flow. Notification of affected businesses. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Diversions / Detours. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Security. In the event of an altercation the local authorities will be contacted. Support vehicles. Due to the size of the complex support vehicles will not be needed. Medical / ambulance / EMTs. In the case of emergency medical assistance will be contacted, but no onsite medical will be present. Parking. The parking is provided by the complex and is free of charge Disability access / ADA compliance. The facility meets all disability and ADA requirements Children. The facility has a playground area that is accessible for children. Food / Catering. Food for concessions will be purchased at local wholesalers such as Costco. Providers. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Facilities. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Waste and environmental management. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Toilets. The complex provides this and no rentals of toilets is needed. Waste management, recycling. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Waste Management. Sanitation. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Noise. This will not be needed due to the nature of the event. Water pollution. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Environmental Impact Study (EIS). This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Cleaning. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Staffing Rosters. The staff will include the tournament director, four game day staff, two concession staff and 4 volunteers from local colleges. Training. All staff members will be CPR certified and trained on operational activities before the event. Briefing. Everyday before the first games a meeting will be held to go over that activities for that day and the chain of command. Recruitment of volunteers. Volunteers will be sought out from local colleges for students looking to gain some experience. Leadership Plan Communication. All communication will through the tournament director. During the morning meetings the communication process will be laid out and all questions will be answered. Staffing ; Skills. Pre-event training will take place to ensure all staff are on the same page for what needs to be accomplished and only qualified individuals will be on the staff. Coordination / Evaluation. During the morning meetings the coordination and evaluation processes will be laid out and all staff will be well informed on what needs will be required. Rewards. At the end of the tournament all game day staff members will be taken out to dinner to celebrate the success of the event. Operational Plans Procedures ; checklists. (See table 2 pg. 17) Performance standards. The performance standards will be consistent with departmental goals, communicates clearly to all levels falls within budget guidelines, can reasonably be accomplished in specified time frame and follows up and resolves problems in timely manner to keep project on track. Contingency plans. In case of bad weather all games will be postponed until further notice. The location we have selected has lights and games can be played at night if needed. Weather. In case of bad weather all games will be postponed until further notice. The location we have selected has lights and games can be played at night if needed. Electrical supply, lighting. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Fire / Accident. In case of fire/ accident fire extinguishers and first aid kits will be available and local authorities will be contacted. Crowd control / management. Local authorities if needed will provide this. Delay or cancellation. In the case of a delay or cancellation all teams will be contacted within enough time so that proper arrangements can be made. If a cancellation of the event does take place teams will be refunded their fees paid. Bomb threat or other security incident. Local authorities will provide this. Logistics. Local authorities will provide this. Setup / teardown. The setup and teardown of tents will be done by staff members before leaving the facility for the night to prevent theft. Signage. All signage will be hung on the fences of the fields in plain view of all spectators. Structures ; facilities. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Lighting / Sound. Lighting is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department. Safety ; Security (Safety of the event audience) Safety ; security of event performers, VIPs, etc. This will be provided by local authorities if needed. Health ; safety of staff. This will be provided by local authorities if needed. Security for premises, equipment, cash, etc. This is provided by the Palm Beach County Parks and Recreation Department, and all cash will be held onto by the tournament director at the end of the night. Communications. Meetings will be held every morning and all communication will be through either cellular phones or radios. All issues get reported to the tournament director. Emergency access and emergency management. The facility has gates that open for easy access for emergency personnel to get as close to the situation as possible. First aid. In the concessions there will be first aid kits to be administered if need be. Timelines Form. (See table 1 pg. 16) Evaluation, Monitoring ; Control Feedback. During the course of the tournament staff members will ask questions to the spectators to see how their experience is so far. If any issues arise it will be handled promptly. Post-event evaluation. A mailing list will be generated in which all teams will be contacted and a survey will be enclosed to determine how the event went and what we can do to improve. Objectives. At the end of the event we will go through our utlined objectives and determine is they were met. Measures. The measures that will be used to determine the success will include survey’s, questionnaires, and direct-mailers to all participants. Analysis. After all measures are taken into account, an analysis will be done to determine the areas needed for improvement for future events. Report. Once objectives are met, the measurements are put into place, an analysis is done and all will be placed into a report for future sponsorship opportunities. Appendix Table 1 Event Timeline | 8 Months Out from Event| 3 Months Out from Event| Prepare posters, brochures, banners, etc. | | Reserve and confirm facility fees and permits| | Confirm participating teams| | | | | 7 Months Out from Event| 2 Months Out from Event| | Begin recruiting volunteers for day of event| | | 6 Months Out from Event| 1 Months Out from Event| Set event budget| Order t-shirts and prizes or have them donated| Set and confirm date, time and place| Continue recruiting volunteers for day of event| Determine goal of event and event name| Reconfirm ALL commitments| Decide on event logo| | Send out letters to potential teams| | | | 5 Months Out from Event| Week of the Event| Prepare site signage: information, check-in, first aid, start/finish, volunteer check-in| | Complete participant registration list| | Complete participant registration list| | Pick up t-shirts an d prizes| 4 Months Out from Event| 1 Month after the Event| Develop sponsorship levels| Mail thank you letters to sponsors, volunteers, and community partners| Approach corporate and media sponsors| Communicate final event participation count and amount of money raised to all sponsors| Confirm sponsors| Organize event binder for next year including suggestions and feedback| Table 2 Task| Person Responsible| Contact details| Check that the date does not clash with another event|   |   | Arrange venue|   |   | Prepare and distribute tournament notice/flyer|   |   | Prepare tournament budget|   |   | Appoint Rules Advisor (if not TD)|   |   | Organize person(s) to do the check in|   Ã‚  |   Ã‚  | Purchase trophies (if applicable)|   Ã‚  |   Ã‚  | Collect perpetual trophies (if applicable)|   |   Ã‚  | Organize wall charts|   |   Ã‚  | Organize name tags|   |   Ã‚  | Check stocks of score sheets, sets etc. |   |   Ã‚  | Receive entries ; set up draws|   |   | On day, supervise distribution of sets, table numbers, score sheets ; tile check sheets|   |   | Distribute tournament records|   |   | Manage refreshment area|   |   | Collect entry fee ; distribute name tags|   |   | Erect wall charts, latest ratings and rules|   |   | Instruct novices on tournament protocol|   |   | Direct runners to collect name tags during last game|   |   | Prepare tournament expense/income report|   |   | Present trophies ; awards|   |   | Table 3 REVENUE PROJECTED | Additional fundraising activities$785. 00 | Cash sponsors $6,500. 00| Donations $300. 00 | Paid advertising in event program $250. 00 | Registration fees (12 teams x $500) $6,000| TOTAL REVENUE: $13,835| EXPENSES| Decor – $125. 00 | Event program$300. 00 | Food and beverage $1,840. 00| Marketing and promotion $395. 00 | Save-the-date card – e-design $225. 00 | Signage – design $150. 00 | Signage – printing $1,258. 31| Silent auction $250. 00 | Thank you items$200. 00 | Venue -$5,000| TOTAL EXPENSES: $9,743. 31| TOTAL NET: $4,091. 69| How to cite Event Management Plan, Essay examples

Impact of Homelessness and Incarceration

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Homelessness and Incarceration. Answer: Introduction: Homelessness has no consistent definition, but experts and social theorists perceive this state of affairs as a problem which goes beyond than not having safe shelter. In other words, it goes beyond the usual concept of rooflessness. The people who experience homelessness comprise of who sleep rough on the streets or for that matter under the rough and ready residence. While the people who sleep rough are mostly visible to the general public while they represent a mere seven percent of the entire population of the state. Families, women and young people residing in refuges or crisis accommodation are considered to be homeless. On the other hand, people who are forced to move from one impermanent place to another are also considered to be homeless. It is seen that some people would stay in cheap hotels or even in their cars. The people who live in makeshift accommodation such as caravan cars are also considered to be homeless. Australians belonging from all backgrounds and ages become homeless. As much as 56 percent of Australians are male while the number of women experiencing the same state is rising in leaps and bounds. The following essay portrays the reason of homelessness in Australia, critical evaluation of the predicament and role of various parties in negating the issue. Homelessness is rising in the Australian community. At present, there are as many as 1,04,000 people experiencing homelessness in Australia and many other living in impermanent residences which are one step away from homelessness (Sharam and Hulse 2014). It is worthwhile to mention that homelessness is not a choice. The majority of people that are homeless may be attributed to emotional and financial hardship. Furthermore, studies have revealed that domestic and family violence is also a major cause of homelessness in Australia. The large section of Australias itinerant population is moving from one place to the next and hence may be termed as hidden population. The Australians hailing from all backgrounds and ages become homeless. Some people are vulnerable to homelessness than others. Single women over the age of forty-five are more susceptible to the state of homelessness in Australia. In 2010, nearly half of the population who required assistance from specialists was below twenty -five. Two-thirds of these people were accompanying their mothers escaping violence (Bullen 2015). Various social factors trigger homelessness state in Australia. Amongst all, domestic violence is one of the important causes of homelessness in Australia. Barring this, other factors that educe homelessness are economic, social and health-related issues. The experts propound that people may become homeless due to extreme poverty, health issues, poor interpersonal relationships and mental health concerns. All these have a detrimental effect on people who have been managing life well but are faced with immense distress due to relationship break-up, loss of loved ones, unemployment, and others (Moore 2016). Around fifteen percent are encountered with financial troubles while twelve percent struggle with the housing crisis. On the other hand, somewhat ten percent of the population who are homeless has been residing in unsuitable dwelling conditions. The causes of the state of homelessness are varied in nature, and each other's reason is unique to each other. Some of the existing populat ions in Australia who are homeless were in large-scale residential units for the mentally ill in the past. The regular perception of a destitute person is an older person having a drug problem who sleeps in a secluded area within the city or town. The census figures state that there is no typical homeless person. The factual reality is homelessness may have an effect on men, women, and children hailing from a diverse range of background residing in suburbs, cities and counties. Still, the problem remains the fact that people experience homeless move from one momentary solution to another until they settle on something permanent accommodation. Research statistics reveal that on any given night one in two hundred people are homeless. The Severe housing crisis and social and economic exclusion also contribute to the state of homelessness in Australia (Milbourne and Cloke 2013). The impact of homelessness: The homelessness results in significant economic and social costs not restricted to families and individuals but also social communities and nation by and large. On a different perspective, homelessness makes it difficult to pursue education and thereby leave people vulnerable to chronic ill-health and continuing unemployment conditions. Various health problems are an outcome of homelessness which includes depression and other mental problems (Ahmed et al. 2016). Australians who are experiencing homelessness are habitually excluded from participating in various cultural, social and economic affairs in their respective communities. As far as national level is concerned, people who are encountered with such crisis are more likely to have interaction with various governmental agencies like Health Department, Legal Department, Corrective Service Departments and other bodies. The cost of homelessness to the Australian community along with economy and individuals is enormous if this proble m is not resolved quickly. The current scarcity of affordable rental accommodations is continuing to make homelessness an incessant difficulty for the people of the state. The incidence of mental illness that is, bipolar and schizoid type disorders amongst individuals are undergoing homelessness than what it is in the general population (Aihw.gov.au 2016). Population types who are at risk of homelessness: More or less all Australians are affected by the predicament of homelessness. Women, in particular, who are reliant on part-time engagement or being single, may be more risk than men. Normally women are vulnerable in the light of family and domestic violence which is a big threat to their safety which propels them to leave their home. Over a third of women have encountered psychological and physical violence which is a determinant factor for them to move out of their residence. The vulnerable groups of women like Aboriginal Islander women are severely hit by the crisis of homelessness (Wood et al. 2014). The culture of Torres Strait Island in Australia has an impact on the ability of the women to access homelessness services. Their inability to utilize legal, counseling and support services in remote locations has added to their crisis. Aboriginal women may also encounter discrimination concerning housing facilities and services from the state. The resident communities in Torres Stra it Islands are somewhat thirty-five times to be victims of domestic violence. Women with disabilities are at risk of homelessness. This includes inadequate income and lack of secure affordable housing. On the other hand, young women are vulnerable to housing security due to mental illness (Chamberlain et al. 2014). Both of Torres Strait Island and non-Aboriginal Islander women, access to housing solutions is restricted due to limited availability of resources in the region. Homelessness data services and solution indicates that people who are born overseas are aided by services is significantly on a lower side than the percentage of people born in the general population. Restricted usage of services of housing system and solution pose a significant impediment for women belonging to CALD or culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. There are more or less four million people residing in Australia with disabilities. A disability may be permanent and temporary depending on vari ed conditions. People living with disabilities may face additional costs which may be a taxing to them (Flatau et al. 2015). In any case, the basic cost of living is exorbitant and on the top of it, they are required to bear health care costs and housing support services. Despite popular notion, children are one of the largest population groups experiencing homelessness. Studies reveal that children below eighteen years constitute nearly 27 percent of homelessness. Children ranging in the age group of seventeen comprise of users of specialist services (Fildes 2016). Barriers of accessing facilities: Exorbitant fee and cost structure is a barrier for most of the homeless populations. These are inclusive of basic daily health care and charge of accommodation. Here, aged and women group of the population are faced with the lack of home ownership when it comes to securing a place in the aged care system. The only reason being service providers may ask for accommodation bond from people to secure a place in service units (Parsell et al. 2013). Many times, they are forced to sell the family home to pay such excessive charges. However, this option is not available to inhabitants residing in social or private rental housing experiencing homelessness. The priority needs to be directed towards the funding of various care giving models specifically for aged and women population who may have a history of homelessness and insecurity. Ending a permanent solution to homelessness is no mean task (Meyer 2016). What are the options available? The state and private institutions need to pioneer initiatives which would help Australia to counteract the crisis. The State and Territory Housing departments should maintain their current public housing stock. Barring that, the Australian government should strive to establish an affordable housing facility which could deliver minimum 20,000 new affordable dwelling units catering to a countless number of homeless individuals (Milbourne and Cloke 2013). Through NPAH scheme, renewal of funding for innovative homelessness services needs to be performed. The funding for research for maximizing the effectiveness of homelessness spending and innovating strategies should be identified to prevent homelessness. Early intervention programs having a proven success record along with an increase in funding for homelessness prevention deserve special mention in this regard. On the other hand, non-pension allowance should be increased by a minimum of USD 50 per week to provide people with the maximum opportunity to make both ends meet (Youthcentral.vic.gov.au 2016). Homelessness service system in Australia: In Australia services aimed to support individuals experiencing homelessness state spanning since the twentieth century. In 1970, various social movements emerged like the liberation of women. 1985 witnessed surfacing of new services models during the tenure of Hawke Government which resulted in the establishment of SAAP or Supported Accommodation Assistance Program (Aihw.gov.au 2016). The SAAP helped in drawing of a plethora of services to support young people, older women and aged destitute. In recent past, the Australian Government released a document which outlines the methods of reduction of homelessness in the region. At presently, most of the funding is performed through COAG or Council of Australian Government agreement. NAHA is another body which provides funding to various state governments thereby allocation of funds to attain desired standards. The National Affordable Housing Agreement works in tandem to provide nearly USD 250 million per year aimed homelessness program ( Gough 2014). The National Partnership Agreement on Homelessness or NPAH offers additional finding for a wide range of activities which ranges from joint funding from territories and states and implementation plans. Nearly USD 115 million has been annually spent by the body which has a deadline till 2017 (Harvey et al. 2016). On the other hand, the Commonwealth Government is on the verge of founding a Reforming of Federation scheme aimed to exert more cooperation amongst Commonwealth states and territories to change homelessness funding had been performed till date. The role of NGO: NGO and other self-help groups have been operating in Australia for a substantial period. One of the most prominent organizations in the domain is Red Cross Society which strives to assist around 2181 people to find housing solutions and services. The firm provides roughly 44,000 meals to individual experiencing homelessness in Australia (Redcross.org.au 2016). Several programs and initiatives have been taken by the organization to help people find safe and suitable accommodation through tireless caseworkers. This includes services rendered to destitute suffering from mental disorders and Aboriginal and Strait Islander inhabitants. Red Cross Society provides reliable meals and supports people of low income who are otherwise homeless. The volunteers and staffs serve meals and help the destitute to find a stable accommodation in life. The organization undertakes various programs to help people being homelessness. Some of the important initiatives are Homestay which supports people to m aintain their existing accommodation and accessing more sustainable accommodation (Moore 2016). Private Tenancy Support is another initiative which aims to support people at risk of losing their private rental housing. In continuance to this, Red Cross Society has formulated Intensive Tenancy Support aimed to provide support to inhabitants who are on the verge of losing their rental housing. Homelessness Accommodation Support Services, Youth Homelessness and Reintegration Services, Mentors Initiative and Homelessness Service Hub are some of the overwhelming initiatives that the firm has undertaken to eradicate homelessness state of affairs in Australia. Thus it may be concluded that the state along with regional as well as globally esteemed self-help group or NGOs has been effective in dealing with the social predicament of homelessness in Australia thereby changing lives of the people of the region. 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